7 Raspberry Pi 4 VS 5 Facts (Pick the Perfect Board for Your Build)

The Raspberry Pi series has long been a favorite among hobbyists, developers, and educators. With the release of the Raspberry Pi 5, many are wondering whether it's worth upgrading from the Raspberry Pi 4 or sticking with the older model. Both boards offer impressive capabilities, but they cater to different needs depending on your project.

This article will break down the seven key facts you need to know when choosing between the Raspberry Pi 4 vs 5, helping you make an informed decision.

The Processor Battle: How Raspberry Pi 5 Leaves Raspberry Pi 4 in the Dust

When comparing the Raspberry Pi 4 vs Raspberry Pi 5, one of the most significant upgrades is in the processor. The Raspberry Pi 5 is powered by a BCM2712 quad-core Arm Cortex-A76 processor, clocked at an impressive 2.4GHz. This marks a significant leap from the 1.8GHz Cortex-A72 processor found in the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B.

The architectural improvements in the Cortex-A76 cores make the Pi 5 not only faster in terms of clock speed but also more efficient at handling complex tasks. In fact, benchmarks show that the Raspberry Pi 5 delivers up to 2-3 times better performance than its predecessor, especially in multi-core workloads like compiling software or running AI models.

For example, if you're running applications that require high computational power—such as machine learning algorithms, video editing, or even gaming emulation—the Pi 5's Cortex-A76 architecture will handle these tasks with ease, offering smoother performance and faster processing times.

Why Does This Matter?

If you’re working on projects that involve heavy multitasking or computationally intensive processes, such as running multiple Docker containers or compiling large codebases, then the performance boost from the Pi 5's processor will be invaluable. However, if your projects are more straightforward—like basic home automation or web servers—the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B still provides more than enough power at a lower price point.

Memory and RAM: Faster and More Efficient in Raspberry Pi 5

Both the Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5 come with flexible memory options, but there’s a fundamental difference in how that memory functions. The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers configurations ranging from 1GB to 8GB of LPDDR4 RAM, while the Raspberry Pi 5 upgrades this to faster and more efficient LPDDR4X RAM, available in sizes from 2GB to 8GB.

The switch to LPDDR4X RAM in the Raspberry Pi 5 results in higher data transfer rates and lower power consumption. This is particularly important for memory-intensive tasks like video processing or running virtual machines.

Real-World Impact

For example, suppose you're using your Raspberry Pi for tasks like video editing or running multiple applications simultaneously. In that case, you'll notice smoother performance on the Raspberry Pi 5 thanks to its higher memory bandwidth. The improved efficiency also means that your board will run cooler and consume less power during heavy workloads.

Graphics Power: VideoCore VI vs VideoCore VII GPU

Another area where the Raspberry Pi 5 shines is in its graphics capabilities. The older Raspberry Pi 4 features a VideoCore VI GPU clocked at 500 MHz, which is perfectly adequate for basic graphical tasks and even some light gaming or emulation. However, for more demanding graphical applications—such as dual-display setups or high-resolution video playback—the newer model pulls ahead.

The Raspberry Pi 5 comes equipped with a significantly upgraded VideoCore VII GPU clocked at an impressive 800 MHz. This not only allows for better frame rates in games but also supports dual displays at up to 4K resolution at 60Hz, compared to dual Full HD (1080p) support on the Raspberry Pi 4.

Who Benefits?

Suppose you're building a media center or using your Raspberry Pi as part of a digital signage system where high-resolution output is critical. In that case, the enhanced GPU on the Raspberry Pi 5 will provide a much smoother experience. For those working on retro gaming projects using emulators like RetroPie, you'll also notice improved performance with less screen tearing and higher frame rates on more demanding titles.

Storage Options: PCIe Gen2 Brings New Possibilities

One of the most exciting upgrades in the Raspberry Pi 5 is its support for PCIe Gen2 storage devices. While both models still support booting from MicroSD cards (with UHS-I support), the addition of PCIe Gen2 on the Raspberry Pi 5 opens up new possibilities for faster storage solutions like NVMe SSDs.

In comparison:

• The MicroSD card interface on both boards offers decent performance, but benchmarks show that read speeds on the Raspberry Pi 5 reach up to 91.7 MB/s, compared to just about 45.7 MB/s on the Raspberry Pi 4.
• Boot times have been reduced significantly as well—from over 15 seconds on a fully loaded Raspberry Pi 4 down to under 7 seconds on a similarly configured Raspberry Pi 5 when using fast storage options like NVMe SSDs.
  
  

Why Does This Matter?

If you're working with large datasets, databases, or media files where fast read/write speeds are essential. Using an NVMe SSD via PCIe on your Raspberry Pi 5 will drastically improve performance compared to relying solely on MicroSD cards or USB storage options available on previous models.

For example, suppose you're setting up a media server using Plex or Kodi. In that case, you'll appreciate how much faster your system can access files stored on an NVMe SSD compared to traditional MicroSD storage.

For those looking for external storage solutions compatible with their new board, consider pairing it with ThinkRobotics' Argon ONE M.2 Case, which supports M.2 SSDs for faster boot times and data access speeds.

Power Consumption: A Trade-off Between Performance and Efficiency

As expected, with increased performance comes increased power consumption. Under full load:

• The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B consumes around 4.84 watts, making it relatively power-efficient for most lightweight tasks.
• On the other hand, due to its more powerful processor and GPU, the new Raspberry Pi 5 consumes up to around 11.6 watts under full load, nearly doubling its predecessor’s power draw.

This means that while you get significantly better performance out of your projects with a Raspberry Pi 5—especially when dealing with CPU- or GPU-heavy tasks—you’ll need a more robust power supply and potentially better cooling solutions to prevent overheating during prolonged use.

Cooling Solutions

Given this increase in power consumption and heat generation, it’s highly recommended that users invest in adequate cooling solutions when using their Raspberry Pi for extended periods under heavy workloads. Consider adding an efficient cooling system like ThinkRobotics' Aluminum Alloy Cooling Fan to avoid thermal throttling during intensive tasks such as gaming or AI model training.

Connectivity: Enhanced USB Performance and Dual Display Support

Both models offer robust connectivity options; however, there are several enhancements introduced with the Raspberry Pi 5:

• While both boards feature USB ports (two USB 3.0 ports and two USB 2.0 ports), users will notice enhanced performance from these ports on the newer model due to improvements made under the hood.

Additionally:

• The dual-display support has been upgraded from dual Full HD (1080p) output on previous models to dual displays at up-to 4K resolution at a smooth frame rate of up to 60Hz per display—a significant improvement over what was previously possible.

This makes it ideal for users who need multiple high-resolution displays connected simultaneously without sacrificing quality or frame rate—whether they're building media centers/workstations where multiple monitors are required—or want better visuals overall when working across different applications simultaneously!

If you're looking for compatible cases explicitly designed around these new features (such as supporting dual displays), check out ThinkRobotics' Argon ONE M case, which provides passive cooling while maintaining easy access all necessary ports/interfaces needed during operation!

Making the Right Choice Between Raspberry Pi 4 VS 5

Choosing between the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Raspberry Pi 5 ultimately depends on your specific project requirements and goals. If you're looking for a more affordable solution for basic tasks like home automation, web servers, or educational purposes, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B remains a fantastic option. It offers solid performance, especially for light to moderate workloads, and still supports a wide range of accessories and peripherals.

However, if your project demands higher computational power, faster storage options, or enhanced graphical performance—especially for tasks like AI development, gaming emulation, or running dual 4K displays—the Raspberry Pi 5 is the clear winner. Its Cortex-A76 processor, VideoCore VII GPU, and support for PCIe Gen2 storage make it a powerhouse for more demanding applications.

For those working on advanced projects requiring rapid data access or external SSDs, the Raspberry Pi 5's ability to support NVMe drives via PCIe is a game-changer. Moreover, if you're planning to build a media center or a workstation that requires multiple high-resolution displays, the dual 4K output at 60Hz on the Raspberry Pi 5 will provide an unmatched experience compared to its predecessor.

In summary, while both boards are excellent choices within their respective price points and capabilities, your decision should be guided by the complexity of your project and your need for future-proofing. Whether you're a hobbyist tinkering with home automation or a developer building AI models, there's a perfect Raspberry Pi board ready to bring your ideas to life.